This advanced textbook presents concepts at an introductory level but also highlights their relevance to a wide range of nanoscale semiconductor materials and devices. Sitting at the interface between engineering and physics, the book employs math and physics throughout, but always ensures that the presentation is relevant to real applications. The math is sufficiently simple to allow a wide range of scientists and engineers to follow the material. This book will also be unique as a textbook having, pedagogically useful questions and exercises in advanced topics such as quantum dots and twodimensional materials and will direct the reader to refer to earlier chapters to ensure a solid understanding of the physics involved in each topic.