Introduction / J.G. Isebrands and J. Richardson -- Poplars and willows of the world, with emphasis on silviculturally important species / Donald I. Dickmann and Julia Kuzovkina -- Ecology and physiology of poplars and willows / J. Richardson, J.G. Isebrands and J.B. Ball -- The domestication and conservation of populus and salix genetic resources / Brian J. Stanton, Michelle J. Serapiglia and Lawrence B. Smart -- Operational poplar and willow culture / John A. Stanturf and Cees van Oosten -- Environmental applications of poplars and willows / J.G. Isebrands, P. Aronsson, M. Carlson, R. Ceulemans, M. Coleman, N. Dickinson, J. Dimitriou, S. Doty, E. Gardiner, K. Heinsoo, J.D. Johnson, Y.B. Koo, J. Kort, J. Kuzovkina, L. Licht, A.R. McCracken, I. McIvor, P. Mertens, K. Perttu, D. Riddell-Black, B. Robinson, G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, W.R. Schroeder, J. Stanturf, T.A. Volk and M. Weih -- Abiotic stresses / N. Marron, B. Gielen, F. Brignolas, J. Gao, J.D. Johnson, D.F. Karnosky, A. Polle, G. Scarascia-Mugnozza, W.R. Schroeder and R. Ceulemans -- Diseases of poplars and willows / M. Ostry, M. Ramstedt, G. Newcombe and M. Steenackers -- Insect and other pests of poplars and willows / J.G. Charles, L. Nef, G. Allegro, C.M. Collins, A. Delplanque, R. Gimenez, S. H鑟glund, H. Jiafu, S. Larsson, Y. Luo, P. Parra, A.P. Singh, W.J.A. Volney and S. Augustin -- Properties, processing and utilization / John Balatinecz, Patrick Mertens, Lieven De Boever, Hua Yukun, Juwan Jin and Joris van Acker -- Markets, trends and outlook / Qiang Ma and Arvydas Lebedys -- Poplars and willows for rural livelihoods and sustainable development / Walter Kollert, Jim Carle and Linda Rosengren -- Epilogue / J. Richardson and J.G. Isebrands.